Summary of FBDG recommendations for water for the EU, Iceland, Norway, Switzerland and the United Kingdom
Due care was taken to ensure factually correct information. Food groupings and food group names differ across individual FBDGs; the ones used here are a compromise to present the information in a structured way. Differences such as those in number of portions and portion sizes were kept unaltered. The original country FBDGs and the responsible national public health authorities remain the only qualified points of reference.
Country | Quantitative recommendations | Qualitative recommendations | Portion size |
---|---|---|---|
Belgium | 1 to 1.5 litres of water daily | Choose drinks with no added sugars, water being the first choice | - |
Bulgaria | Drink 6 - 8 cups of water (1.5-2 l) - this amount also includes liquids such as tea, etc | Prefer tap water and mineral water over soft drinks and fruit juices containing sugar or other sweeteners | - |
Czechia | -Drink at least 1.5 litres of fluids per day. | -Prefer water, weakly to moderately mineralized still mineral water, weak tea, fruit teas and juices, preferably unsweetened or diluted. | - |
Country | Quantitative recommendations | Qualitative recommendations | Portion size |
Denmark | Drinking 1-1½ litres of liquids per day is usually sufficient | - Drink water when you are thirsty – with your meals and when you are physically active. - Water, coffee and tea, as well as milk, juice and other beverages, count towards your liquid intake. - When you are physically active, or when you sweat a lot, you need to drink more than usual. | - |
Germany | At least 1.5 l per day | - Preferably water and other non-caloric beverages such as unsweetened tea or diluted fruit and vegetable juices (water:F/V juice ratio 3:1). - Sugar-sweetened and alcoholic beverages are not recommended. | - |
Note: There is an extra flyer available ("Trink dich fit") | |||
Estonia | 28-35 ml/kg body weight (~1 ml/kcal of food) per day. Healthy adults (excl pregnant women) safe with caffeine up to 400 mg/ d (~5.7 mg/kg body weight). | Always prefer water | - |
Country | Quantitative recommendations | Qualitative recommendations | Portion size |
Ireland | At least 8 cups of fluids a day | Water is best | 200 ml |
Greece | 8-10 glasses of fluids (2-2.5 l) per day; at least 6-8 glasses (1.5-2 l) should be water | Drink plenty of water | - |
Spain | Drink water whenever you are thirsty | - Always drink tap or running water. - Water is the drink of choice; minimise or avoid the consumption of sugary and sweetened beverages and reduce the consumption of energy drinks. | - |
Country | Quantitative recommendations | Qualitative recommendations | Portion size |
France | - | - The only recommended drink is water (ad libitum). - Limit the consumption of sugar-sweetened or otherwise sweet-tasting beverages. Their consumption should remain exceptional, and users should limit themselves to one glass a day. In this category, favour fruit juices. - Low-calorie-sweetened beverages have the advantage of not adding to calorie intake relative to calorically-sweetened drinks. But they also maintain a sweet taste, hence their consumption should be limited. - Tea, infusions, and coffee without added sugar can contribute to water intake. | - |
Croatia | 1,5 to 2 l water per day (6 – 8 cups) | - Drink water throughout the day, even when you are not thirsty. - Drink more water during hot weather and when you are physically active. - Water is the healthiest drink in our diet. | - |
Italy | 1.5-2 litres of water per day (at least 6-8 glasses) even between meals | - Try to anticipate thirst. - Prefer water. - Drink slowly, frequently, in small quantities. - Moderate consumption of drinks with calories and sugars or pharmacologically-active substances (e.g. caffeine). | 200 ml |
Note: With moderate physical activity, drink enough water to compensate for the losses (sweating) | |||
Country | Quantitative recommendations | Qualitative recommendations | Portion size |
Cyprus | - 6-8 glasses (1.5-2 l) a day. - At high temperatures: 8-12 glasses. - If you drink coffee, limit to 2-3 cups a day. | - Very important to drink water before feeling thirst. - Coffee and soft drinks not considered equivalent to water. - Water may be consumed before, during, and after lunch - it does not affect digestion. | - |
Latvia | Individual amount - 30-35 ml of liquid for every kg of body mass or about 2-2.5 L of liquid, with at least half of it as water | - Do not forget to increase the amount of fluid intake in hot weather, as well as during heavy physical activity - exercising, doing physical work. - It is best to choose drinking or spring water, low-salt mineral water, unsweetened fruit and herbal teas. - Sweetened beverages are not recommended. | - |
Lithuania | Drink approximately 6-8 glasses or 1.5-2.0 litres of water per day | - It is recommended to drink drinking water, mineralized or weakly mineralized natural mineral water. - Instead of sweetened, soft drinks, choose plain water. | - |
Country | Quantitative recommendations | Qualitative recommendations | Portion size |
Luxembourg | Drink plenty of water and at least 1.5 litres a day | Water is the staple drink; this includes tap water, spring or mineral water and sparkling water. Alternatives include unsweetened infusions and herbal/fruit teas. Coffee, black and green tea all contain stimulants and should be consumed in moderation. In hot weather, during physical activity or if you are suffering from a high temperature or diarrhoea, you will need to take in more liquid. Swap sugary drinks for water. | - |
Hungary | 8 glasses of fluid a day, of which 5 glasses of drinking water | - Drink plenty of water. - Water is best to quench your thirst. - Fruit and vegetable juices, tea with sugar, soft drinks, shakes/smoothies, milk drinks (for example cocoa, coffee with milk) can vary your beverage consumption, occasionally, in a small portion. | 1 glass = 200-250 ml |
Malta | 1.5-2 l of fluids (6-8 glasses) | Drink plain water; you can also have non-sugary herbal infusions and broths (with low fat and salt content) for adequate hydration | 250 ml |
Country | Quantitative recommendations | Qualitative recommendations | Portion size |
Netherlands | - 1.5-2 l per day. - Daily 3 cups of green or black tea. | Drink sufficient water, filtered coffee, and tea without sugar | cup: 150 ml, glass: 150 ml, or beaker: 250 ml |
Austria | - At least 1.5 l per day. - Moderate consumption of coffee, tea, and other caffeinated beverages (3-4 cups per day) is acceptable. | Prefer low-energy beverages such as (mineral) water, unsweetened fruit and herbal teas, diluted fruit and vegetable juice | 250 ml |
Poland | At least 1.5 l water per day | - Water can also come from juices, vegetables, milk, and milky drinks. - A source of water can also be tea and coffee. - However, eliminate or significantly reduce the intake of sweetened and flavoured drinks. | - |
Country | Quantitative recommendations | Qualitative recommendations | Portion size |
Portugal | 1.5 to 3 l water per day (8 cups) | - While water is the best thirst quencher, consider other beverages without added sugar, alcohol or caffeine. Freshly squeezed fruit juices and herbal infusions like lemon. - Limit caffeinated beverages to no more than 300 mg caffeine daily. | 200 ml |
Romania | 2-2.5 l per day | Tea and coffee only contain energy if milk, cream, or sugar is added. Excessive consumption can cause insomnia and irritability. | - |
Slovenia | About 2 litres of fluids per day | - Enjoy plain or mineral water and unsweetened tea. - Avoid drinking sweetened drinks, alcoholic beverages or caffeinated drinks to quench your thirst. | - |
Country | Quantitative recommendations | Qualitative recommendations | Portion size |
Slovakia | - Drink at least 2 l of liquids per day, prefer water and drink with non-added sugar. - Drink even if you do not feel thirsty. | Prefer water and drinks with no added sugars | - |
Finland | 1-1.5 l of liquids every day (5-8 portions) in addition to water from food | - Ordinary tap water is the best thirst quencher. - Drink coffee and tea without sugar. - Use sweet or sour drinks only occasionally, and preferably with food. | - |
Sweden | - | - Water instead of sweet drinks. - Tap water rather than bottled water. - Water is the best thirst quencher. | - |
Note: Water is by far the best drink for quenching thirst – cut back on fizzy drinks, juice, soft drinks and sports drinks | |||
Country | Quantitative recommendations | Qualitative recommendations | Portion size |
United Kingdom | - Drink 6-8 cups/glasses of fluid a day. - Limit fruit juice and smoothies to max. 150 ml a day. | - Preferably water, low-fat milk, sugar-free drinks including tea and coffee. - Don’t get thirsty. | - |
Switzerland | Drink 1-2 l per day | - Prefer tap/mineral water or fruit/herbal tea. - Beverages containing caffeine, such as coffee, black and green tea, can contribute to liquid intake. | - |
Notes: Milk, milk drinks, juices, lemonades, iced teas, energy drinks, syrups, diet drinks, and alcoholic beverages are excluded from this group. Those drinks contain energy (calories), various nutrients (e.g. sugars, fat, proteins, vitamins, alcohol), and sometimes acids that are harmful to dental enamel. | |||
Iceland | - | - Drink water most often it is the best soft drink. - Drink water when thirsty and with meals because tap water is the best drink. - Also sparkling water can be a good option instead of soda. | - |
Norway | - | Plain water covers liquid need without contributing unnecessary calories, and is therefore the best drink when you are thirsty | - |
Originally Published | Last Updated | 07 Dec 2020 | 18 Jan 2024 |
Knowledge service | Metadata | Health Promotion Knowledge Gateway | Food-Based Dietary Guidelines in Europe |
Digital Europa Thesaurus (DET) | health policy |